Researchers report the advancement of cell membrane nanovesicles that bring receptors for SARS-CoV-2 and numerous inflammatory cytokines on their surface areas, thus functioning as decoys for both SARS-CoV-2 and inflammatory cytokines; the decoy nanoparticles hindered infection by SARS-CoV-2 and reduced the effects of inflammatory cytokines in vitro, and lowered lung injury in a mouse design of severe lung swelling, recommending that they might be a possible healing technique for COVID-19, according to the authors.
Significance
The COVID-19 pandemic brought on by SARS-CoV-2 infection has actually resulted in more than 840,000 deaths worldwide since August 31, 2020. Unfortunately, no certified vaccine or particular treatment is readily available today. Herein, we report a decoy nanoparticle versus COVID-19. The decoy nanoparticles were built by merging cell membrane nanovesicles originated from genetically crafted cells, which stably reveal SARS-CoV-2 receptor ACE2, and human monocytes, which show plentiful cytokine receptors. By taking on host cells, these nanodecoys effectively adsorb infections and inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6 and GM-CSF. These 2 performances permit efficient intervention of viral infection and its involved immune condition, providing an appealing healing technique for COVID-19 and other prospective upsurges.
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic, brought on by serious intense breathing syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has actually highlighted the immediate requirement to quickly establish healing techniques for such emerging infections without efficient vaccines or drugs. Here, we report a decoy nanoparticle versus COVID-19 through an effective two-step neutralization method: infection neutralization in the initial step followed by cytokine neutralization in the 2nd action. The nanodecoy, made by merging cellular membrane nanovesicles originated from human monocytes and genetically crafted cells stably revealing angiotensin transforming enzyme II (ACE2) receptors, has an antigenic outside the like source cells. By taking on host cells for infection binding, these nanodecoys efficiently secure host cells from the infection of pseudoviruses and genuine SARS-CoV-2. Moreover, depending on plentiful cytokine receptors on the surface area, the nanodecoys effectively bind and reduce the effects of inflammatory cytokines consisting of interleukin 6 (IL-6) and granulocyte−macrophage colony-stimulating element (GM-CSF), and considerably reduce immune condition and lung injury in an intense pneumonia mouse design. Our work provides a basic, safe, and robust antiviral nanotechnology for continuous COVID-19 and future prospective upsurges.
Reference: “Decoy nanoparticles protect against COVID-19 by concurrently adsorbing viruses and inflammatory cytokines” by Lang Rao, Shuai Xia, Wei Xu, Rui Tian, Guocan Yu, Chenjian Gu, Pan Pan, Qian-Fang Meng, Xia Cai, Di Qu, View ORCID ProfileLu Lu, Youhua Xie, Shibo Jiang and Xiaoyuan Chen, 6 October 2020, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2014352117
